否定考點(diǎn)詞為TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN中非常高頻的考點(diǎn)詞，也是重要及優(yōu)先的考點(diǎn)詞，在解題方法上還是有些規(guī)律可循的，在題干里面，除了大家已經(jīng)知道的否定詞諸如not, never, hardly, few, little, 以及某些否定前綴如dis, mis, in, un等之外，大家還需要了解一些隱含或間接的否定詞，如fail to, be at a loss to, be free of, lack, be short of, 等等。下面試舉幾例:：
Q: London Zoo’s advertisements are dishonest.
P: One of London Zoo’s recent advertisements caused me some irritation, so patently did it distort the reality.
首先確定題目中的考點(diǎn)為否定詞dishonest, 否定考點(diǎn)詞在思路上一定要回原文找否定對(duì)應(yīng)，具體做法是將考點(diǎn)詞dishonest一分為二，分成dis與honest兩部分，當(dāng)然這是思路上的分解，在頭腦中完成就行了，在考試中不必要體現(xiàn)到卷面上。我們現(xiàn)在只需回原文找到這兩個(gè)部分分別的對(duì)應(yīng)就可以鎖定答案為TRUE了，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)方向是相反的，則要選FALSE, 沒有講是否誠(chéng)實(shí)的話，那就選NOT GIVEN. 結(jié)果在原文中發(fā)現(xiàn)了distort中的否定前綴dis, 而在其后又找到了honest 的對(duì)應(yīng)詞匯reality, 答案直接鎖定TRUE. 即使不認(rèn)識(shí)distort這個(gè)詞，或者說原文中的這個(gè)倒裝句根本看不懂，但是只要你掌握了這種對(duì)應(yīng)法，一切問題都可迎刃而解。
個(gè)別同學(xué)還會(huì)有個(gè)小的疑義，原文中講的是倫敦動(dòng)物園的廣告之一，而題目中則泛指了倫敦動(dòng)物園的廣告，為什么不是NOT GIVEN, 因?yàn)椴磺宄遣皇撬械膹V告都不誠(chéng)實(shí)。做這種題我們還有一條重要的原則，考點(diǎn)唯一原則，即每道題目只設(shè)置一個(gè)陷阱，大家又問，那這個(gè)唯一的考點(diǎn)為什么一定是dishonest,而不是advertisements, 道理很簡(jiǎn)單，否定詞是優(yōu)先考點(diǎn)。
我們?cè)倏匆焕?
Q: Zoos made an insignificant contribution to conservation up until 30 years ago.
P: Zoos were originally created as places of entertainment, and their suggested involvement with conservation didn’t seriously arise until about 30 years ago.
這道題目的考點(diǎn)換成了insignificant, 這次的對(duì)應(yīng)詞不像上一道題目那么好找，in這次對(duì)應(yīng)是didn’t, 而significant對(duì)應(yīng)的是seriously arise, 答案同樣為TRUE.
還是這篇文章里的一道題目：
Q: The number of successful zoo conservation programmes is unsatisfactory.
P: Today approximately 16 species might be said to have been “saved” by captive breeding prgrammes, although a number of these can hardly be looked upon as resounding successes.
現(xiàn)在大家一定已經(jīng)清楚了考點(diǎn)詞為unsatisfactory, 再回原文找一下對(duì)應(yīng)，這次un對(duì)應(yīng)hardly, 而satisfactory對(duì)應(yīng)的是success.
綜合三道題目來看，考點(diǎn)都為否定詞，做題目的思路上基本一致，都在找對(duì)應(yīng)，而答案又驚人地一致，都選了TRUE.請(qǐng)仔細(xì)體會(huì)。
下面給大家一道題目，練習(xí)一下：
Q: Biologists are unable to explain why the frogs are dying.
P: Biologists are at a loss to explain their demise.
能不能找到unable的對(duì)應(yīng)詞呢？如果你并不認(rèn)識(shí)原文中的間接否定短語be at a loss to 的話，那么至少你知道loss這個(gè)詞能夠表明否定含義，否定詞對(duì)應(yīng)到了否定詞，其他的就不用擔(dān)心了。答案為TURE。原文中的短語be at a loss to 意思即為“不知道，不知所措。”請(qǐng)注意積累。
|
