英語新聞標(biāo)題總是力求用有限的字?jǐn)?shù)來表達(dá)新聞的內(nèi)容,為此,在措詞上尤其要狠下功夫,選詞盡可能經(jīng)濟(jì)達(dá)意、簡短明了,偏愛選用那些短小精悍或字母最少的動詞。這是因?yàn)槎绦∫锥⑿蜗笊鷦拥拇朐~不僅能增強(qiáng)新聞的簡潔性和可讀性,而且還能節(jié)省版面篇幅。如表示“破壞”或“損壞”一詞意義的動詞,標(biāo)題一般不用damage,而用一些較之簡短的詞,如hit,harm,hurt, ruin或wreck等。又如表示“放棄”這一概念的動詞,標(biāo)題一般不用 abandon,而用drop, give up,quit,skip或yield 等;表示“爆炸”之類的動詞意義時(shí),一般不用 explode,而用blast,crash, ram或smash等詞。簡而言之,英語新聞標(biāo)題大都喜歡選用字形短小、音節(jié)不多而意義又比較廣泛的詞。 這類動詞在標(biāo)題中屢見不鮮,讀者平時(shí)閱讀時(shí)不妨多加留意,這對于提高英語水平,尤其是熟悉英語同義動詞,無疑是大有稗益的。為便于讀者更好地理解英語新聞標(biāo)題,現(xiàn)再列舉一些常見諸報(bào)端的標(biāo)題小詞,以備不時(shí)之需: aid=assist (幫助;援助)alter=change or modify (改變)ask=inquire(詢問)assail=denounce (譴責(zé))axe=dismiss/reduce(解雇/減少)balk=impede (阻礙)ban=prohibit or forbid (禁止)bar=prevent (防止;阻止)bare=expose or reveal (暴露;揭露)blast=explode (爆炸)begin=commence (開始)bid=attempt (努力)bilk=cheat (欺騙)bolt=desert or abandon (放棄)boost=increase (增加;提高)check=examine (檢查)claim=ause the death of…(奪去……的生命)clash=disagree strong1y (發(fā)生分歧;爭議)curb=control or restrict (控制)dip=decIlne or decrease (下降)ease=lessen (減輕;緩和)end=terminate (結(jié)束;中止)flay=criticize(批評)flout=insult (侮辱)foil=prevent from (阻止;防止)grill = investigate (調(diào)查)gut=destroy (摧毀)head=direct (率領(lǐng))hold=arrest (逮捕)laud=praise (贊揚(yáng))lop=diminish (下降;減少)map=work out (制訂)mark=celebrate (慶祝)name=appoint/nominate(命名/提名)moot=discuss (討論)mull=consider(考慮)nab=arrest(逮捕)nip=defeat(擊。﹏ix=deny/disapprove(否決/拒絕)opt=choose(選擇)oust=expel (驅(qū)逐)peril=endanger (危害;危及)pledge=determine (發(fā)誓)plot=conspire (預(yù)謀;密謀策劃)plunge=plummet (價(jià)格等)暴跌poise=ready for action (作好準(zhǔn)備)probe=investigate (調(diào)查)raid =attack (進(jìn)攻)rap =criticize (批評)rebuke=criticize (批評)rout=defeat completely(擊潰;打垮)slay=murder (謀殺)soar=skyrocket (急劇上升)spur=encourage(激勵;鞭策)swap=exchange (交流;交換)sway=influence (影響)trim=reduce (削減)vie=compete (競爭)vow=determine (決心;發(fā)誓)weigh=consider (考慮)woo=seek to win (爭;追求)
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