近年來，隨著中國經(jīng)濟和社會的快速發(fā)展，國際社會希望中國承擔更多的國際責任的呼聲越來越強。我國也在逐步加強適應國際組織用人標準的人才儲備和培養(yǎng)。在當前全球化背景下，我們亟須了解以聯(lián)合國機構(gòu)為代表的各類國際組織的人才選用標準，以便在現(xiàn)有的基礎(chǔ)教育體系中更好地培養(yǎng)學生的工作能力和國際視野，為中國未來參與國際事務做好充分的人才儲備。

　　近日，北京王府學校專訪了聯(lián)合國志愿人員組織中國辦公室項目主任張曉丹女士，從聯(lián)合國駐華機構(gòu)的角度探討國際組織的人才標準。

　　China’s dramatic economic and social development has raised expectations in the international community that China will play a more dominant role in international affairs. For such expectations to be realized, China must create an effective strategy for cultivating talent. It is imperative that our nation develop an open and inclusive mechanism for developing and retaining world-class talent, individuals with the global vision to play leadership roles within international organizations like the United Nations. Thus, this edition of Royal focuses on the kinds of personalities and competencies most valued by leading international organizations and how education must be reformed to foster these qualities and skills.

　　This article is based an interview with Ms. Zhang Xiaodan, Project Director of the UNV (The United Nations Volunteers programme ) China Office, who shared with us the characteristics and requirements that international organizations look for in their personnel.

　　ROYAL：作為聯(lián)合國志愿人員組織中國辦公室項目主任，平時基本的工作方式是怎樣的?

　　張曉丹：聯(lián)合國志愿人員組織中國辦公室在日常工作中，需要和位于德國波恩的總部以及位于曼谷的亞太區(qū)域辦公室保持非常密切的聯(lián)系，比如我每天需要三分之一的時間處理來自全球的郵件，還要通過電話及skype等通訊工具跟同事們就不同的事宜進行溝通。還有三分之一的時間，我會參加各種與工作相關(guān)的會議和活動，和政府合作伙伴以及志愿服務組織討論項目工作及實施計劃，監(jiān)督項目實施，管理并主持聯(lián)合國本國志愿者的招募面試。另外三分之一的時間是用來從事比較具體的事務性工作，和包括聯(lián)合國系統(tǒng)及中國政府在內(nèi)的志愿者接待機構(gòu)協(xié)調(diào)志愿者招募前的準備以及派遣和結(jié)束委派任務的程序、項目預算和資金的管理與監(jiān)督等等。

　　Royal: As the Project Director of the UNV China Office, please describe your daily routine.

　　Zhang Xiaodan: Working for UNV China, we need to keep in close contact with our headquarters in Bonn, German and the Asia-Pacific Office in Bangkok. My time is devoted to three major activities: One third of my time is devoted to answering to vast number of emails received from all over the world and communicating about a variety of issues with colleagues via phone and Skype. Another one third is spent participating in meetings, discussions with government and voluntary organizations related to implementation of UN projects and personnel recruitment for the UNV office. The remaining time goes to planning, recruiting, and coordinating the work of volunteers and project budgeting and capital management.

　　ROYAL：國際組織的工作人員應該具備哪些價值觀、個性特質(zhì)、技能和知識來勝任他所從事的工作?

　　張曉丹：國際組織內(nèi)的同事一般都是來自不同的國家和地區(qū)，他們有著獨特的文化、宗教和風俗習慣，工作環(huán)境具有多元文化的特點。對青年人來說，要高度認同國際組織的使命及工作，秉承多元化的價值觀與人打交道。

　　國際組織要求以受援國的發(fā)展需求為基礎(chǔ)，重視職員對發(fā)展項目的執(zhí)行能力，要求具備以結(jié)果為導向的實施能力，確保能及時優(yōu)質(zhì)地完成項目。

　　國際組織要求職員有主動應對快速轉(zhuǎn)型的發(fā)展環(huán)境進行分析、解決方案的能力。在一些新興的發(fā)展中國家，隨著它們的經(jīng)濟快速增長以及在社會發(fā)展中面臨的新的機遇與挑戰(zhàn)，作為國際組織的職員，需要了解受援國的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，分析這些新型需求和想法，并針對性地提出相應的解決方案。

　　具備跨部門、跨地域和多方利益相關(guān)方的綜合協(xié)調(diào)能力是國際組織職員所必備的。同時，在基于相互尊重及理解的基礎(chǔ)上，通過聯(lián)合國的全球網(wǎng)絡(luò)幫助合作伙伴構(gòu)建相互學習、借鑒以及共贏的可持續(xù)合作機制。

　　在國際組織中非�？粗芈殕T在發(fā)展領(lǐng)域的經(jīng)驗和專業(yè)知識。我所在的機構(gòu)是聯(lián)合國系統(tǒng)調(diào)動并派遣聯(lián)合國國際及本國志愿者的專門機構(gòu)，在過去十年面試中國青年的經(jīng)驗中，我發(fā)現(xiàn)具有發(fā)展項目的實地操作能力，在聯(lián)合國系統(tǒng)、NGO以及其他發(fā)展中國家短期實習或工作的中國年輕人更具有優(yōu)勢，而他們的優(yōu)勢來源于國際背景下的工作經(jīng)驗，良好的英語表達、書寫能力以及分析與溝通能力。

　　總而言之，年輕人要進入國際組織，需要對國際組織的工作準則和工作體系有一定的了解，具備良好的執(zhí)行能力。年輕人需具備協(xié)調(diào)、溝通、解決問題的能力，在多元文化的環(huán)境中，能夠擅長協(xié)調(diào)多方資源，并基于平等的原則和他人進行合作。

　　Royal: What are the particular values, personal qualities, and competencies sought by international organizations like the U.N?

　　Zhang Xiaodan: The staff of international organizations represents different nationalities, cultures, religions and customs. Embracing diversity in all its forms is crucial to effective teamwork in international organizations.

　　The United Nations puts its beneficiaries first, and therefore its international staff must be able to develop clear goals and allocate the time and other resources required to achieve those goals.

　　Within international organizations, understanding one’s role within a multi-faceted project and taking responsibility for the completion of specific tasks is essential. Particularly when working in developing countries, international staff is required to identify key issues in a complex situation, understand needs and develop appropriate solutions quickly in the face of difficulties and challenges.

　　Within international organizations, strong collaborative skills are a necessity. Not only must international staff be able to work collectively with colleagues from different departments and regions, and a wide range of stakeholders, but they must genuinely value other people’s ideas and be willing to learn from them. They must be able to draw on the resources of the UN’s global network to establish cooperative, win-win solutions.

　　A combination of professional competence and a proven track record is highly valued by the United Nations. Reflecting on my experience recruiting Chinese youth volunteers over the past ten years, I think relevant work experience, excellent English proficiency, and good communication skills are essential to competing effectively for highly coveted international positions.

　　ROYAL：您覺得目前的中國教育應該如何發(fā)展，才能培養(yǎng)出適合國際組織的國際化人才?

　　張曉丹：基于我多年招募聯(lián)合國志愿者的經(jīng)驗，希望參與國際組織中的工作，個人首先要具有包容性思維，善于與不同的利益攸關(guān)方和不同的人打交道，高度認同多元文化。青年人應在成長過程中接受扎實的知識培養(yǎng)，并接受良好的素質(zhì)教育，積極參與國際交流和學習，踐行志愿精神與社會實踐，加強在團隊合作的能力，保持謙虛、謹慎和認真的態(tài)度。

　　另外，國際組織強調(diào)團隊的作用，因為可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標的實現(xiàn)需要每一個人的參與。發(fā)展項目的成功取決于整個團隊的集體努力，善于與他人積極合作，尊重他人的不同觀點，在意見出現(xiàn)分歧時尋求合適的解決方案以實現(xiàn)合作的共同目標。

　　從專業(yè)素養(yǎng)來說，青年是推動社會發(fā)展的重要資源，他們可以給國際組織帶來新的動力和新的思想。他們可以充分利用新技術(shù)例如社交媒體資源，創(chuàng)新的想法和熱情協(xié)助聯(lián)合國在發(fā)展領(lǐng)域的工作。

　　Royal: What advice would give to educators and educational policy makers on cultivating world-class talent?

　　Zhang Xiaodan: Based on my experience in recruiting volunteers for the United Nations, I suggest the importance of cultivating an inclusive frame of mind, preparing students to be able to work collaboratively with different people and stakeholders, and instill a respect for diversity. Young people should be encouraged to embrace education both as a source of knowledge and for all-round development. They should also be urged to take the initiative to participate in international activities where they have the opportunity to develop their social and communication skills. Finally, young people should also learn the importance of modesty and diligence.

　　Teamwork is also essential within international organizations. Team members in international organizations must genuinely value other people’s ideas and expertise and be willing to work collectively towards a common goal.

　　We should take a leap of faith in our young people, as they have the fresh new vision and vitality that UN development projects need if they are to succeed.

　　ROYAL：隨著中國在全球事務影響力的提高，應該如何提升中國青年在國際組織中的地位?

　　張曉丹：聯(lián)合國和中國長期以來都在積極鼓勵年輕人參與國際事務。近年來，中國在南南合作上作出的努力是有目共睹的。聯(lián)合國志愿人員組織也積極利用這一契機，為深化中國青年響應“一帶一路”倡議，為參與南南合作提供機會和平臺。

　　尤其在今年，通過與北京志愿服務聯(lián)合會的第三期項目合作，我們已經(jīng)在近期派遣中國內(nèi)地首批兩名優(yōu)秀青年作為聯(lián)合國國際青年志愿者，參與聯(lián)合國志愿人員組織駐泰國亞太辦公室及駐緬甸的國別辦公室的工作。

　　我們衷心希望，有更多的年輕人參與到國際志愿工作中來，用自己的專業(yè)知識和奉獻精神，推動發(fā)展中國家間的人文交流與經(jīng)驗分享，擴大中國青年在國際事務中的聲音，在多邊框架下的國際合作中發(fā)揮自己的積極作用。

　　Royal: As China's international status has risen, how can we encourage more Chinese youth to assume leadership roles within international organizations?

　　Zhang Xiaodan: The United Nations and China have for a long time encouraged young people to participate in international affairs. Particularly in recent years, China has made great efforts in promote South-South cooperation. UNV also takes advantage of the Belt and Road Initiative to offer platforms for Chinese youth to participate in South-South cooperation projects.

　　This year, through our work with the Beijing Volunteer Service Federation on the 3rd joint volunteer initiative, we have sent two outstanding Chinese young people to Thailand and Burmese to work in their UNV offices.

　　We earnestly invite more Chinese young people to join us, to contribute their talent and knowledge to cultural and educational exchanges among developing countries, to have a greater voice on the global stage, and to play an active role in International Cooperation under the UN’s multilateral framework.

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