將下列句子譯成漢語，注意劃線部分

　　1. Philip’s father was a surgeon in good practice and his hospital appointments suggested an established position.

　　2. At the other extreme, American policy had also failed either to develop a strong conservative political base or maintain the ability to prevent the Nationalists from pursuing a suicidal civil war.

　　3. They were unarmed and unprotected, knowing perfectly well the danger ahead. Still, they went, plugging gamely along.

　　4. The most economical age to capture an elephant for training is between fifteen and twenty years, for it is then almost ready to undertake heavy work and can begin to earn its keep straight away.

　　5. He did not oppose labor organization nor balk at the strike as a weapon of labor; rather, he took his heroes and heroines from the labor movement and wove his plots within their struggles.

　　6. Does job enlargement pay? The proponents say yes, and back up their conclusion with enthusiastic anecdotal reports.

　　7. Wherever the fault may lie the fact remains that it is the theatre at Oxford and not at Cambridge which is on the verge of extinction.

　　8. When one weighs the opposing forces, the elements of space and time, and the sea-land transfer problem, one sees that Churchill’s foot-dragging made sense.

　　9. And then we realized that until now our attitude had been: let the patient come to us. Now we knew that we must go to the patient.

　　10. First the electroencephalograph shows that while there I a change in the pattern of activity during sleep, there is no evidence that the total amount of activity is any less.

　　11. What the Chinese people are altogether unprepared for, however, is the death of Mao without the comforting presence of Chou En-Lai as chief mourner. If Mao has been China’s spiritual guide these many years, Chou has been its security blanket. The second may well turn out to be the more sorely missed.

　　12. The United Nations has forged a framework guaranteeing the flourishing of man and respect for his values.

　　13. The other side of the mind is now exposed——the dark side that comes uppermost in solitude, not the light side that shows in company.

　　14. All a man had to do was to keep his head, and he was all right. Any man who was a man could travel alone.

　　15. The draft resolution urges the United Nations to send its peacekeeping troops to the region in accordance with the resolution adopted at a special meeting last May.

　　參考翻譯：

　　1.菲利浦的父親是個外科醫(yī)生，由于找他看病的人很多，各醫(yī)院請他會診也多，因此他在醫(yī)務(wù)界已占得一席之地。

　　2. 在另一個極端，美國的政策既未能發(fā)展一個強(qiáng)大的保守的政治基地，又沒有保持足以制止國民黨發(fā)動一場自殺性內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的力量。

　　3. 他們沒有武器，赤手空拳，也沒有飛機(jī)艦隊保護(hù)。他們深知前面的危險，然而仍然毫不畏懼地奮力向前駛?cè)ァ?/p>

　　4. 捕獲十五歲至二十歲之間的象來進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練，比較為經(jīng)濟(jì)實惠，因為象到了這樣的年齡就差不多能干重活了，而且能馬上開始賺回養(yǎng)活它所需要的費用。

　　5. 他不反對勞工組織，也不阻攔罷工作為工人的斗爭武器，而是從工人運動中攝取男女主人公，把他的故事情節(jié)交織在這些人的斗爭之中。

　　6. 工作多樣化的做法值得嗎?贊成者的回答是肯定的，而且用過去一些鼓舞人心的事例來證明他們的結(jié)論。

　　7. 姑且不論責(zé)任在哪一方，事實是，是牛津的講壇而不是劍橋的講壇正處于崩潰的邊緣。

　　8. 如果我們衡量一下雙方的兵力，時間與空間的要素，以及海陸轉(zhuǎn)運問題等時，我們就會明白，邱吉爾遲遲未能采取行動是合情合理的。

　　9. 后來我們認(rèn)識到，我們以前的態(tài)度一直是讓病人上門來找我們。現(xiàn)在我們知道必須走出去找病人。

　　10. 第一，腦電圖表明雖然睡眠期間活動方式有所改變，但沒有跡象表明活動總量有任何減少。

　　11. 然而，中國人民在心理上比較沒有準(zhǔn)備的是周先毛而死，因為如果在毛逝世后有周做主祭人可以起安撫人心的作用。如果說毛多年來是中國的精神引路人，那么周是中國的安全保障，而且后者很可能會證明是位更不可缺少的人物。

　　12. 聯(lián)合國已經(jīng)制定了一個保證人類繁榮，尊重人類各項道德準(zhǔn)則的體制。

　　13. 展開在我們面前的是另一個世界，是一個孤獨時比較易萌生的憂郁陰沉的一面，而不是聚會結(jié)伴時顯示出來的輕松愉快的一面。

　　14. 一個人所要做的就是要保持冷靜，這樣就不會有什么問題了。無認(rèn)是誰，只要是一個男子漢，都可以單獨旅行。

　　15. 決議草案敦促聯(lián)合國遵照今年五月特別會議通過的決議，派遣維和部隊到該區(qū)去。