倒 裝

　　一、完全倒裝：即全部謂語放在主語之前。

　　1、here (there, now, then )+ 不及物動詞

　　e.g. 1. Here comes the bus. 2. There goes the bell. 3. Now comes your turn.

　　注意：代詞作主語時，主謂語序不變

　　e.g. 1. Here it is. 2. Here he comes.

　　2、在描寫情景時，為了更生動，可以把out, in, up, down, away之類的狀語放在主語前面，用完全倒裝形式。但如果主語是人稱代詞時，謂語就不變動。

　　e.g. 1. Out went the children. 2. Down flew the plane.

　　3、當句首狀語為表示地點的介詞詞組時，常常引起全部倒裝。

　　e.g. 1. South of the city lies a big steel factory.

　　2. From the valley came a frightening sound.

　　4、表語置于句首時，倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為“表語+連系動詞+主語”。

　　e.g. 1. Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.

　　2. Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people.

　　3. Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.

　　5、so, nor, neither 開頭的句子，表示重復(fù)前句部分內(nèi)容。原句的謂語應(yīng)與前句謂語的時態(tài)、形式相一致。

　　e.g. 1. He has been to Beijing. So have I. 2. Li Wei can’t answer the question. Neither can I.

　　二、部分倒裝：即只把助動詞或情態(tài)動詞放在主語之前。

　　1、as作“盡管”講，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，要采用倒裝語序。（這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，主謂并不倒裝。表語是名詞時，名詞前面不加任何冠詞。）

　　e.g. 1. Hero as he is, he still has short comings. 2. Much as I like it, I’ll not buy it.

　　3. Pretty as she is, she is not clever. 4. Try as he would, he might fail again.

　　2、省略了if的條件句，were, had或should可提到句首構(gòu)成部分倒裝。

　　e.g. Were I not so busy, I should go with you.

　　3、在so…that…（如此……以致于）句型中，若so提至句首，則構(gòu)成部分倒裝。

　　e.g. So carelessly did he drive that he almost killed himself.

　　4、用于no sooner…than…, hardly…when… 和not until…句型中。

　　e.g. 1. Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework.

　　2. No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.

　　5、用于never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, often, at no time, not only, not once 等詞開頭的句子。

　　e.g. 1. Never shall I do this again. 2. Little did he know who the woman was.

　　6、用于only開頭的句子（only后面為副詞、介詞或狀語從句）

　　e.g. 1. Only in this way can you master English.

　　2. Only when you have acquired a good knowledge of grammar can you write fluently.

　　注意：如果only后面的詞組不是狀語，則不用倒裝。(即如果接名詞或代詞時)

　　e.g. Only Wang Ling knows this.

　　7、在含有no 的詞出現(xiàn)在句首時，采用部分倒裝，為了強調(diào)。

　　e.g. 1. In no way can they leave freely. 他們決不能隨便離開。

　　2. Nowhere could they find the lost child.

　　8、用于某些表示祝愿的句子。

　　e.g. 1. May you succeed! 2. Long live the people! 3. May you all be happy!

　    倒裝句專練

　　1. –Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother?

　　--I don’t know, _____________.

　　A. nor don’t I care B. nor do I care

　　C. I don’t care neither D. I don’t care also

　　2. Not until all the fish died in the river, ______________ how serious the pollution was.

　　A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized

　　C. the villagers did realize D. didn’t the villagers realize

　　3. _______________, Mother will wait for him to have dinner to gather.

　　A. However late is he B. However he is late

　　C. However is he late D. However late he is

　　4. Only in this way _______________________ do it well.

　　A. must we B. we could C. can we D. we can

　　5. Hardly _____________ when it began to rain.

　　A. had he arrived B. arrived he C. he had arrived D. did he arrive

　　6. Jack is a student and studies at the No.1 Middle School. ________________.

　　A. It was the same with Mike B. So it is with Mike

　　C. So is Mike D. So does Mike

　　7. The doctor warned Pat against smoking as soon as possible and _____________.

　　A. so it was with Pat B. so did Pat C. Pat did so D. Pat does so

　　8. Mr. Smith promised to help me and ______________ the next day.

　　A. nether he did B. so he did C. neither did he D. so did he

　　9. My wife is an engineer, and ________________.

　　A. I think so B. also am I C. so I am D. so am I

　　10. ______________ your letter, I would have started off two days ago.

　　A. If I could have received B. If I received

　　C. Should I receive D. Had I received

        11. At the gate ______________ a soldier ______________ uniform.

　　A. lying, in B. lain, worn C. laid, dressing D. lay, in

　　12. Look! There _____________ the bus!

　　A. will come B. comes C. has come D. is coming

　　13. Not only _____________ a writer but he was an artist for a time.

　　A. he is B. he was C. is he D. was he

　　14. Not a single mistake ______________ in the dictation yesterday.

　　A. did he make B. made by him C. he made D. he had made

　　15. No sooner ___________ his talk than he ___________ the workers.

　　A. he finished, surrounded all B. did he finish, did surround

　　C. had he finished, was surrounded by D. after he finished, was surrounded near

　　16. Little _____________ know about verbs, Franz _____________ his head.

　　A. did he, dared not lift B. he, dare not lift

　　C. did he, dare not to lift D. doesn’t, doesn’t dare lift

　　17. Look! _________________.

　　A. Out the girl went B. Went the girl out

　　C. Away went the girl D. Away the girl went

　　18. Never ______________ forget the days when ____________ together with you.

　　A. shall I, live B. shall I, did I live

　　C. I shall, lived D. I shall, did I live

　　19. They arrived at the farmhouse, in front of which _______________.

　　A. is sitting a boy B. sat a boy

　　C. a boy sat D. a boy is sitting

　　20. So loudly ___________ that every one of the class could hear him.

　　A. did he speak B. did he spoke C. spoke he D. he spoke

　　21. Only when class began ______________ that he had left his book at home.

　　A. will he realize B. he did realize C. did he realize D. should he realize

　　22. They searched for hours, but _____________ be found.

　　A. at no time could the missing book B. nowhere could the missing book

　　C. nowhere the missing book could D. at nowhere the missing book could

　　23. ________________ he ill-mannered, ___________ the laziest and the most irresponsible creature you could ever hope to meet.

　　A. Not only is … but he is also B. Not only is … but also

　　C. Not only is … but also is he D. Not only … but also

　　24. I didn’t like our new English teacher, and _______________________.

　　A. neither did my classmates B. nether my classmates did

　　C. my classmates don’t too D. my classmates did not also

　　25. Surrounding have changed and ________________ in them.

　　A. so have the people B. the people have so

　　C. have the people so D. the people so have

　　26. ________________ that the pilot couldn’t fly through it.

　　A. The storm so severe was B. So severe was the storm

　　C. So the storm was severe D. Such was the storm severe

　　27. By no means _______________ their own language well.

　　A. it is true that all people know B. is it true that do all people know

　　C. it is that do all people know D. is it true that all people know

　　28. ______________ a machine been so efficient and accurate as the electronic computer.

　　A. More than ever before B. Never before has

　　C. In the past, there never has D. Formerly there never was

        1-5 BADCA 6-10 BCBDD 11-15 DBDAC

　　16-20 ACABA 21-25 CBAAA 26-28 BDB