態(tài)度觀點信號詞： 

論點：認為，相信： argue , argument , believe , suppose, think , be convinced that [相信] , hold the belief that … , have a notion that …, view…as , regard….as , see…as, consider….to be, reckon [算作，設想],

論據: for example , for instance , specifically, take… as an example

like , such as … , Imagine …. ,

調查研究：investigation , inquiry [hold an inquiry into a case對一個案子進行調查]

research, study, survey, report , questionnaire[調查問卷]，measurement ,

調查研究結果：

得出結論： conclude that … ，come to a conclusion that …. , draw a conclusion that …

表明，發(fā)現： show , suggest , demonstrate , manifest [清楚地顯示或表示] display,

find , find out, discover, reveal , prove

indicate, imply,

預測： forecast , foretell, foresee, predict

表示贊同： agree, appreciate , approve, consent to

表示反對： against , disagree, disapprove, dissent , object to , be opposed to

表示事實： belief , fact , reality, truth

表示理論，設想：assumption , theory, hypothesis [假設]

表示目的： to do, aim at, for the sake of , for , serve as, in favor of [有利于],

for the purpose of, intend to do ,

論據中常見專家名稱：

expert , specialist , professor , associate professor [副教授]， sociologist [社會學家]，

economist, linguist[語言學家]，consultant [顧問] psychologist [心理學家]，behaviorist [行為學家]，

philosopher[哲學家] , anthropologist [人類學家]，archaeologist [考古學家]

邏輯信號詞-路標詞

1，表示因果的

原因：后接句子 --- Because, since , as , for

后接詞組 --- because of , thanks to , owing to , due to , as a result of ,

by/in virtue of [由于]

* The movie touched me by virtue of its story.

結果： so(that), accordingly[因此]； as a result; consequently; for this

(that)reason; hence; therefore

此外：表因果的特色詞匯

比如A 是因，B是果：

A account for / be responsible for 　B

A　cause / lead to / result in / bring about / bring on / trigger /give rise to 　B

2，表示轉折的

“但是，然而”：but , however; yet , nevertheless, whereas

“盡管，雖然”：后接句子 --- although , though, even though , while ,# notwithstanding

后接詞組 --- despite; in spite of

“相反地”： conversely[相反地] ; on the contrary;

“另一方面”： on the other hand;

3，表示比較的

by comparison ; in contrast (相比之下); in the same way; similarly

4，表示遞進的

also; besides; furthermore; in addition; in particular（特別地）more importantly; moreover; What’s more

5，表示概括的

in brief; in conclusion; in short; in a word , in sum; to sum up; on the whole , to conclude

6．表示并列：

and , or , at the same time, meanwhile , as well as