查看：2014年考研英語(yǔ)重難點(diǎn)句型解析匯總

 　　對(duì)于考研英語(yǔ)重難點(diǎn)的長(zhǎng)難句的學(xué)習(xí)，在熟練掌握常見(jiàn)的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上，考研語(yǔ)法側(cè)重在具備充分語(yǔ)境的情況下，有意義地去解析完形填空、閱讀理解、翻譯等各類題型中出現(xiàn)的長(zhǎng)句、難句和某些罕見(jiàn)的語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象。

　　被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

　　【難句】1. Car drivers can buy electro-petrol hybrids but aircraft are, for now, stuck with kerosene, because its energy-density makes it the only practical fuel to carry around in the air. (The Economist Jun. 8, 2006)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】 以連詞but為切入點(diǎn)，本句包含兩個(gè)并列分句。其中第二個(gè)并列分句aircraft are, for now, stuck with kerosene, because its energy�瞕ensity makes it the only practical fuel to carry around in the air包含because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句，使用了make it sth。(使它成為……)結(jié)構(gòu)，主句aircraft are, for now, stuck with kerosene使用了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，并由介詞短語(yǔ)for now分隔，連接后得到aircraft are stuck with kerosene，翻譯時(shí)為符合漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣譯為主動(dòng)。

　　【參考譯文】 小汽車司機(jī)可以購(gòu)買電力汽油混合動(dòng)力的汽車，但是飛機(jī)只能用煤油，因?yàn)樗�的能量密度使其成為唯一可以在空中攜帶的燃料。

　　【難句】2. It can be plugged into a hand-held device (such as a mobile phone, music player or portable games console) to power or recharge it, and has sufficient capacity to provide around 30 hours of talk-time on a mobile phone, or 60~80 hours of playback time for an iPod music player. (The Economist Jun. 8, 2006)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】 去掉括號(hào)內(nèi)的舉例補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，以and為切入點(diǎn)，得到It can be plugged into a hand�瞙eld device to power or recharge it, and has sufficient capacity to provide…, and并列了兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)，前一謂語(yǔ)使用了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)be plugged，翻譯時(shí)我們可轉(zhuǎn)譯為主動(dòng)，后一謂語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)to provide后的賓語(yǔ)由or并列，分別為around 30 hours of talk�瞭ime on a mobile phone和60~80 hours of playback time for an iPod music player。

　　【參考譯文】 它可以放入手持設(shè)備(比如手機(jī)、音樂(lè)播放器或便攜式游戲機(jī))給其提供能源或充電，足以供一部手機(jī)通話30小時(shí)，或者一臺(tái)iPod音樂(lè)播放器播放60到80小時(shí)。

　　【難句】3. Questions are increasingly being asked by the councils about how they can be sure that misconduct is not taking place on the grants they provide. (The Guardian Oct. 3, 2007)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】 本句使用了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)，主干為Questions are increasingly being asked about…，施動(dòng)者by the councils構(gòu)成了分隔結(jié)構(gòu)。在翻譯時(shí)，我們可以化被動(dòng)為主動(dòng)，the councils are increasingly asking questions about…，介詞about后的賓語(yǔ)由how引導(dǎo)的從句how they can be sure…充當(dāng)，這里又包含一個(gè)特殊的結(jié)構(gòu)“主語(yǔ)+adj.+從句”，that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句 misconduct is not taking place on the grants they provide中，grants后是一個(gè)省略了關(guān)系代詞that/which的定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系代詞在從句中作provide的賓語(yǔ)。

　　【參考譯文】 各委員會(huì)越來(lái)越多地提出問(wèn)題——關(guān)于他們?nèi)绾文軌虼_保在他們同意的情況下避免發(fā)生處理不當(dāng)?shù)男袨椤?/p>

　　【難句】4. It’s much easier to say “Great idea!” when a terrific solution has been put forward by someone on your team, than it is to take the time to explain why an employee’s favorite brainchild isn’t going anywhere except the circular file. (Business Week Feb. 5, 2007)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】 本句成分復(fù)雜。以逗號(hào)為切入點(diǎn)，得到一個(gè)比較結(jié)構(gòu)It’s much easier to say “Great idea!”…than…。it是形式主語(yǔ)，前半部分的真正主語(yǔ)由不定式結(jié)構(gòu)to say “Great idea!”…充當(dāng)，這里包含一個(gè)when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句when a terrific solution has been put forward by someone on your team，使用了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。后半部分真正主語(yǔ)為to take the time to explain…，explain后的賓語(yǔ)是why引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句 why an employee’s favorite brainchild isn’t going anywhere except the circular file。在翻譯時(shí)，我們將狀語(yǔ)提前，且化被動(dòng)為主動(dòng)。

　　【參考譯文】 當(dāng)團(tuán)隊(duì)中的某個(gè)人提出了極好的解決方案時(shí)，說(shuō)“好主意”要比花時(shí)間解釋為什么一個(gè)職員比較喜歡的想法比較終被拋棄要容易得多。