如何解決考研英語(yǔ)作文單詞量不足(三)

來源：文都考研時(shí)間：2011-12-29 10:38:10

前面的兩篇文章中，主要是針對(duì)具體的框架和句子來談的，如果寫作過程中遇到個(gè)別的詞匯不會(huì)寫，這時(shí)候該怎樣補(bǔ)救呢？

1. 使用籠統(tǒng)詞

英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言中籠統(tǒng)詞有do, make, get, think, take, tell等，籠統(tǒng)詞的重要特點(diǎn)在于意義廣泛，搭配性強(qiáng)，構(gòu)成詞組后可以替代眾多具體動(dòng)詞。雖然不能精確表達(dá)一個(gè)動(dòng)作，卻能大致表達(dá)意思。在一些具體動(dòng)詞寫不出來的時(shí)候，用這些籠統(tǒng)詞取代，也能收到異曲同工的效果。例如：那舊沙發(fā)該扔掉了。

The old sofa will have to discard. = The old sofa will have to go.

這一句中，如果想不起來discard,就用go代替，即The old sofa will have to go. Go的使用讓句子更為生動(dòng)了，discard意為“扔掉，廢棄”，而go的本意是表明人的來去，用到此處the old sofa也有了生命，生動(dòng)了起來�？佳凶魑闹校谠~匯量不足或是單詞不會(huì)寫的時(shí)候，適當(dāng)使用這些詞匯，可以讓句子表達(dá)完整。下面我們一起學(xué)習(xí)一下這些詞匯。

have: I experienced a terrible day. = He had a bad day.

We had Lucy’s English training. =We sweated through Lucy’s English training.

take: I will subscribe to the local newspaper. = I will take the local newspaper.

make: What time do you calculate it? = What time do you make it?

think：I suppose you like your job. = I think you like your job.

具體詞匯固然能準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)句子意思，有加分的可能，但是因這類詞不常用，很多考生不容易想起。在這種情況下，不妨用一些籠統(tǒng)詞匯來代替，句子雖平實(shí)，但不失為一種應(yīng)急良策。

2. 巧用近義詞或反義詞

寫漢語(yǔ)作文時(shí)，我們都遇到過這樣的情景，某個(gè)詞忘記了如何寫。當(dāng)這種情況出現(xiàn)的時(shí)候，你會(huì)怎么辦？找其他詞替換不失為一種選擇。而我們所能想到的詞，基本分為兩類，一是近義詞，一是反義詞。這種方法同樣適用于英語(yǔ)作文的寫作。

I had a nightmare last night. = I had a bad dream last night.

nightmare 使用頻率不太高，因此不太好記。而其同義詞bad dream 卻很容易記。以后者取代前者絲毫不影響原句的意義。

The governor declared a state of emergency. = The governor claimed a state of emergency.

He witnessed the accident. = He saw the accident.

The crucial point is whether we should go ahead with the project. = The important point is whether we should go ahead with the project.

"It was an enormous culture shock, " She says. = “It was a big culture shock. “ She says.

They discontinued the work at five. = They stopped the work at five.

英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言中詞與詞之間是有聯(lián)系的，詞與詞之間語(yǔ)義的“共核”現(xiàn)象即所謂的同義詞。豐富的同義詞給我們提供了極大的方便。

同樣，用其反義詞來取代某一遺忘了的詞也是可行的，請(qǐng)看下面的例子：

History is useful. = History is not useless.

The knife is blunt. = The knife is not sharp.

This is expensive. = This is not cheap.

She is talkative. = She is never quiet.

3. 使用解釋性語(yǔ)句

語(yǔ)言的表達(dá)方式不局限于一種，而是多種多樣的。當(dāng)一個(gè)詞影響到溝通，可以用解釋性的語(yǔ)句來表達(dá)。如：

I don‘t capture the meaning of his words. = I don’t know what he said.

caputre對(duì)某些考生來說可能存在難度，這時(shí)我們不妨用一種通俗簡(jiǎn)單的方式表達(dá)，即用后一句話來表達(dá)前一句話的意思。這種情況可以廣泛用到英語(yǔ)的表達(dá)中。下面的例句可以給考生提供一些思路：

He refused. = He said “no”.

Surfing the Internet has become a prevailing phenomenon. = Suring the Internet has become a phenomenon that can be seen everywhere.

People’s view varies from person to person. = Different people have different ideas.

Constant viewing of rock videos stunts and distorts children’s emotional development.=Constant viewing of rock videos is harmful to children’s emotional development.

上面的例子只是為考生提供一定的思路，考生在寫作的過程中要靈活運(yùn)用。

在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)寫出一篇從文章構(gòu)思到遣詞造句都很好的文章是很困難的。在這種情況下，考生要有清晰的做題思路�？佳凶魑牡脑u(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一般側(cè)重于能清楚地表達(dá)意義，段落，層次有系統(tǒng)性，語(yǔ)法正確，而并不過分強(qiáng)調(diào)用詞的精確度。因此，考生沒必要花太多時(shí)間和精力斟酌詞句，而是致力于文章的清晰明確的表達(dá)上，即用簡(jiǎn)單的詞句表達(dá)出清晰的文章內(nèi)容。

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復(fù)習(xí)備考：政治時(shí)事匯總必背考點(diǎn) 預(yù)測(cè)試題 ♦ 英語(yǔ)作文預(yù)測(cè) 模板大全

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