三、大眾媒體

　　The mass media is a big part of our culture，yet it can also be a helper，adviser and teacher to our young generation. The mass media affects the lives of our young by acting as a（an）__1__for a number of institutions and social contacts. In this way，it__2__ a variety of functions in human life. The time spent in front of the television screen is usually at the__3__ of leisure：there is less time for games，amusement and rest.__4__ by what is happening on the screen，children not only imitate what they see but directly__5__ themselves with different characters. Americans have been concerned about the__6__ of violence in the media and its__7__harm to children and adolescents for at least forty years. During this period，new media __8__，such as video games，cable television，music videos，and the Internet. As they continue to gain popularity，these media，__9__television，__10__public concern and research attention. Another large societal concern on our young generation__11__by the media，is body image.__12__forces can influence body image positively or negatively.__13__one，societal and cultural norms and mass media marketing__14__our concepts of beauty. In the mass media，the images of__15__beauty fill magazines and newspapers，__16__from our televisions and entertain us__17__the movies. Even in advertising，the mass media__18__on accepted cultural values of thinness and fitness for commercial gain. Young adults are presented with a__19__defined standard of attractiveness，a（n）__20__that carries unrealistic physical expectations. 1. [A] alternative [B] preference [C] substitute [D] representative 2. [A] accomplishes[B] fulfills [C] provides [D] suffices 3. [A] risk [B] mercy [C] height [D] expense 4. [A] Absorbed [B] Attracted [C] Aroused [D] Addicted 5. [A] identify [B] recognize [C] unify [D] equate 6. [A] abundance [B] incidence [C] prevalence [D] reccurrence 7. [A] disposed [B] hidden [C] implicit [D] potential 8. [A] merged [B] emerged [C] immerged [D] submerged 9. [A] apart from [B] much as [C] but for [D] along with 10. [A] promote [B] propel [C] prompt [D] prosper 11. [A] inspired [B] imposed [C] delivered [D] contributed 12. [A] External [B] Exterior [C] Explicit [D] Exposed 13. [A] As [B] At [C] For [D] In 14. [A] mark [B] effect [C] impact [D] shock 15. [A] generalized [B] regularized [C] standardized[D] categorized 16. [A] boom [B] bottom [C] brim [D] beam 17. [A] over [B] with [C] on [D] at 18. [A] play [B] take [C] profit [D] resort 19. [A] barely [B] carefully [C] narrowly [D] subjectively 20. [A] ideal [B] image [C] stereotype [D] criterion答案1. C 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. B 9.D 10. C 11. B 12.A 13. C 14. C 15. C 16. A 17. D 18. A 19.C 20.A總體分析本文主要論述了大眾媒介對(duì)青少年產(chǎn)生的影響。第一段指出，大眾媒介可以替代社會(huì)機(jī)構(gòu)和社會(huì)交往在年輕人的生活中起著各種各樣的作用。第二段指出，由于青少年模仿他們?cè)陔娨曋锌吹降哪酥翆⑵渑c現(xiàn)實(shí)相混淆，人們一直擔(dān)憂媒介對(duì)他們可能產(chǎn)生危害。第三段媒介對(duì)美的狹隘界定對(duì)青少年的不良影響。

　　全文翻譯大眾媒體是我們文化的重要組成部分，但是它也可以成為年輕一代的助手、建議者和教師。大眾媒介作為許多機(jī)構(gòu)和社會(huì)交往的替代品影響著年輕人的生活。通過(guò)這種方式，它在人們生活中起到了各種各樣的作用。

　　在電視屏幕前耗費(fèi)的時(shí)間常常是以休閑為代價(jià)的，即有更少的時(shí)間用于游戲、娛樂(lè)和休息。由于被電視屏幕上的東西吸引，孩子們不僅模仿他們看到的，而且還直接將自己視為電視中的各種不同的人物。美國(guó)人對(duì)媒體中暴力的普及及其對(duì)孩子和青少年的潛在危害的擔(dān)憂至少已經(jīng)有四十年了。在這段時(shí)期里，新的媒體，如：電視游戲、有線電視、音樂(lè)錄像帶以及網(wǎng)絡(luò)出現(xiàn)了。由于這些媒體繼續(xù)受到歡迎，它們連同電視一起引起了公眾的擔(dān)憂和研究的注意。

      媒體使年輕一代受到社會(huì)另一大關(guān)注的方面是身體形象問(wèn)題。外部力量能對(duì)身體形象產(chǎn)生正面和負(fù)面的影響。舉例來(lái)說(shuō)，社會(huì)文化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和大眾媒介的營(yíng)銷沖擊著我們關(guān)于美的觀念。在大眾媒介中，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)美女的形象充斥著報(bào)刊雜志，從電視中播放出來(lái)，在電影中娛樂(lè)著我們。甚至大眾媒介還在廣告中利用公認(rèn)的瘦和健康的文化價(jià)值來(lái)贏得商業(yè)利潤(rùn)。青少年被給予的是狹隘界定的吸引力的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，它是一種包含著對(duì)外形的不切實(shí)際的期望的完美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。